All of the hatched eggs develop into wingless females. Abstract. The pest’s active period is February to October and inactive period is from December to January. Aphids; Wheat crop; Yield loss. The aphid originated from Russia and was first recorded in Kenya in 1995 according to the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO). Our observation was made from heading to early-dough stage. Wheat aphids are well known pests of the cereal crop – causing up to 20 to 80% loss of wheat yield, particularly in Pakistan where over 26.3 million tons of wheat was produced in 2017-18 and where wheat accounts for 10 percent of value added in agriculture. In spite of development of various modern synthetic insecticides, heavy losses of crop and stored grain are recorded by the attack of pests and diseases. Pests of cereals Pakistan Wheat Aphid Wheat Armyworm Wheat stem fly 1. 1C) in the … Wheat being staple food of Pakistan is constantly attacked by major wheat aphid species, Schizaphis graminum (R.), Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and Sitobion avenae (F.). In the present study, the Insecticides for Control of Aphids in Wheat . Wheat aphid; Botanical extract; Pakistan INTRODUCTION Plant protection plays an important role in addition to good seed, fertile soil, irrigation water and fertilizer management for maximum production. Introduction. They not only reduce the yield of crops but also serve as vectors of disease. Rhopalosiphum padi is one of the most common wheat inhabiting pest and reduce the crop yield up tò15%. The mortality response of said pest was find out in Some of these are serious pests of crucifer crops, vegetables and fruit trees. Identifying the bird cherry-oat aphid . The study was conducted to check the effect of aphid density on wheat crop and its yield. Aphids are present in all wheat Pakistani cultivars early, mid, and late season. Population dynamics of wheat aphids Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) and Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) at District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan Farman Ullah1,2*, Hina Gul1,2, Fazal Said2, Asad Ali2,3, Kaleem Tariq2, Maid Zaman4 and Dunlun Song1 1. Aphid infestation on wheat varieties J. Agric. Res., 2015, 53(2) 209 APHIDS (SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM R.) INFESTATION ON ... wheat in Faisalabad, Pakistan and Schizaphis graminum was the main species among them (5). The dominant weeds prevailing in wheat crops were Avena fatua, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium murale, Convolvulus arvensis, Cynodon dactylon, Malva parviflora, Melilotus indica, Medicago denticulata, Phalaris minor and Rumex dentatus. Aphids damaging the wheat crop in Pakistan are Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) Rhopalosiphum madis F. Schizaphis graminum R. and Sitobion avenae F. (Akhtar et al., 2010). The Russian wheat aphid is a serious pest of wheat and barley causing yield losses of between 20 to 100 per cent in affected crops. Following is the list of coomon weeds in Wheat fields of Pakistan: Common Name Dumbi Sitti Technical Name Phalaris minor Common Name Jangli Jai Technical … It spends its entire year on cereals and grasses. Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing-China 2. Rautapaa (1976), Ba-Angood (1985) and Feng et al (1992) have also contributed to the studies of … It has not been possible to develop varieties that combine satisfactory aphid resistance with good agronomic properties and yielding capacity (Ahmad . Wheat being staple food of Pakistan is constantly attacked by major wheat aphid species, Schizaphis graminum (R.), Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and Sitobion avenae (F.). et al., 1993). Russian wheat aphid is most often found in low humidity areas with moderate drought stress (Anonymous, 1992). This pest species was collected from the wheat fields located in the vicinity of Faisalabad. Among others, natural population of predators and parasitoids fail to manage aphid population to acceptable limits. Mean spike length, number of grains per spike, 100 . (2014) ranking scales, the cultivar Saleem-2000 was found Moderately Susceptible; 8 cultivars including Tatara-97, Zam-2004, FakhreSarhad-99, Barsat-2010, KT-2000, Dera-98, Attahabib-2010, and Daman-98 were found … Stay of aphid population on Wheat is for short time period during which rapid multiplication of aphid occurs (Jarosik et al. There are about 92 species of aphids in Pakistan. In addition to the lint, cottonseed for oil and meal accounts for 80 percent of the national oilseed production.In 1991-92, cotton was grown over about 2.836 million ha, with gl percent of this area in Punjab. Future wheat crop in Pakistan is in threat due to aphid infestation and its becoming a serious problem for them (Wains et al. Economically, it earns the largest export revenues. Females mature and start to feed on their host plant and reproduce. Its yield as well as production experienced substantial fluctuations during the last some years due to climatic changes. Bahawalpur is characterized by low humidity with drought stress. Common Name Scientific name Family Order Wheat Aphid Macrosiphum miscanthi Aphididae Homoptera Armyworm Mythimna sepatate Noctuidae Lepidoptera Wheat weevil Tanymecus indicus Curculionidae Coleoptera Wheat Stem Fly Atherigona soccata Muscidae Diptera 2. Wheat aphids are well known pests of the cereal crop -- causing up to 20 to 80% loss of wheat yield, particularly in Pakistan where over 26.3 million tons of wheat was produced in 2017-18 and where wheat accounts for 10 percent of value added in agriculture. Aphids are important pests of cultivated crops in Pakistan. These have become serious pests of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Pakistan (Aheer et al., 2008) and yield losses are positively correlated with aphid populations (Riazuddin et al., 2004). Aphid attacks the wheat crop in the mid of February, peaks in March and goes on till April. The grain aphid is considered a major pest for wheat and a moderate pest for barley. Wheat aphids were deliberately exposed to the above botanical extracts and then the number of live and dead aphids was counted in meter square ring on tagged spikelet's. Colonies of wingless aphids develop on the flag and upper leaves of cereals then move to emerging ears, especially on wheat. In Pakistan, attacks by aphids are increasing on the wheat crop, especially in cotton zones of Multan, D.G. 2003). After wheat, cotton occupies the largest area of all the crops in Pakistan. (Rond) were recorded as the dominated aphids of wheat in Pakistan in this study. The aphid attack started in mid January on the wheat cultivars and increased gradually with the growth of plant. Its attack is more severe at reproductive and grain filling stages, thus causing a severe decline in crop yield and the quality of produce. Since independence, pest management techniques … The importance of the natural enemies associated with the cereal aphids has been acknowledged by Chambers and Sunderland (1983). In addition to this, aphids as pathogens vector play a significant role in transmitting, many fungal and viral diseases in plants (Bukvayova et al., 2006). avenae are the major aphid species of wheat in Pakistan, which cause huge yield losses in wheat crop. Faisalabad-85 had a DR of 4, PARI-73, Sandal and Yecora had a DR of 5, and PAK-81, WL-711, Sutluj-86 and Nuri-70 had a DR of 6. Due to the recent change in pattern of Rainfall in Pakistan aphids get back to the wheat crop and causes approximately 17-20% damage to the wheat yield. Aphids are major pests of wheat crop in Pakistan inflicting considerable economic losses. The study was conducted to check the effect of aphid density on wheat crop and its yield. Population of aphids has been increasing for the last few years on cereal crops and attaining the status of pest in Pakistan (Zia . the cereal aphids in Pakistan (Ihasanul haq 1985, and Karimullah & Khawaja 1989) has created concern over the loss of biodiversity in the wheat agro ecosystem. 2010). (2013) and Wains et al. Of the 44 recommended wheat cultivars in Pakistan, Punjab-85 was found to be resistant (visual damage rating (DR) 3 at 0 to 9 damage scale; 0, healthy; 9, dead). Due to concern on synthetic chemical use in wheat, it is imperative to search for alternative environment- and human- friendly control measures such as botanical pesticides. L.) is a major crop with largest area under cultivation in Pakistan and plays a significant role in economic stability of the country [1]. All the remaining cultivars were highly susceptible to greenbug (DR ≻ 6). Insects recorded from the literature as attacking the growing plant in the field are Microtermes obesi Hlmgr., Odontotermes obesus (Ramb.) Owing partly to the introduction of new fertilisers and high-yielding wheat varieties, insect pests have become a major factor limiting wheat production in Pakistan. Shizaphis graminum (Rodani) is major species in Pakistan (21) with an ample host array of at least 60 plant species including wheat, barley, sorghum and corn (17, 10). In Pakistan, aphids have mostly been controlled by insecticidal applications. Due to concern on synthetic chemical use in wheat, it is imperative to search for alternative environment- and human- friendly control measures such as botanical pesticides. 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