However, the first European to reach Honduras was Christopher Columbus on 30 July 1502. Honduras was once referred to as Spanish Honduras in order to distinguish it from British Honduras, which is now Belize. Columbus explored the country in 1502. Columbus later sailed as far south as Panama. By 1548, however, the Spaniards had exhausted the gold, and Santiago (Antigua Guatemala) became the new capital of the Kingdom of Guatemala. The greatest of them was the Mayans. In the 1570s, a silver strike in the highlands brought a rush of prospectors to Honduras, resulting in the rise of an important population centre at Tegucigalpa, which competed thereafter, especially in the 18th century, with Comayagua. In fact, 63% of Hondurans live in poverty, threatened by violence and made ill by contaminated water. This led in 1911 and 1912 to something more serious than periodic revolutions. The Spanish conquest of Honduras began in 1523. However, the country slowly recovered. The native people resisted bitterly but by 1539 the Spanish were in control. Once the dep… Honduras is a low middle-income country that faces major challenges, with more than 66 percent of the population living in poverty in 2016, according to official data. Compassion-assisted children experience these realities daily. During the first millennium, Honduras was inhabited by the Maya. The story of life in Honduras begins back when humans were migrating down from North America into South America using Central America as a land bridge. The official name of the country is the Republic of Honduras.. Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua to the south by the Pacific Ocean, and to the north by the Caribbean Sea. For thousands of years indigenous peoples lived in Honduras. For long periods the Spanish utilized a soft defense against the Caribbean threat, falling back to the highlands and to the Pacific coastal areas, which were generally closer to their network of communication and transportation. In the early 20th century exports of bananas came to dominate the economy of Honduras. However, the country has been facing high levels of poverty and inequality. In 1932 General Tiburcio Carias Andino was elected president of Honduras. Honduras has been inhabited for centuries by various native tribes. In the 18th century, however, the Spanish Bourbon kings made a sustained effort to recover the Caribbean coastal areas, and their success in the Gulf of Honduras was manifested by the completion of a fort at Omoa on the gulf by 1779. Then in 1969, Honduras fought a war with El Salvador. Unfortunately, Honduras suffered badly when Hurricane Mitch struck in 1998. A set of regulations referred to as Burnaby’s Code was formalized in 1765 and this, with some modification, continued until 1840 when an … During the mid-19th century, despite its declaration of sovereignty, Honduras supported efforts to restore the Central American union, while its real independence was severely limited by its more powerful neighbours. There’s a machismo vibe about Honduras, especially in the “wild east” departments of Olancho and Gracias a Dios. Honduras is a Central American country with Caribbean Sea coastlines to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south.. Plant and animal life. Manuel Zelaya of the Liberal Party took over the presidency in 2006, after defeating the National Party’s candidate, rancher Porfirio Lobo Sosa, in the 2005 presidential election—one of the closest races in the country’s … Along the way, many ended up staying. Oct 21, 2016 @ 5:17 pm. During his time in office, Honduras received debt relief and ratified the implementation of the Central America–Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA–DR) with the United States. Liberals continued to dominate the country well into the 20th century, encouraging foreign investment and economic growth, although Honduras remained the poorest state on the isthmus. Five years later, Liberals in Honduras and elsewhere proved to be nationalists first and blocked an attempt by Guatemala to unify the isthmus by force. Conservatives defended the clergy, leaned toward monarchism, mistrusted foreign models, and were generally more traditional and pro-Spanish in their outlook. I have to do a project about a country and I chose HONDURAS my fave so this info is good and helpful. Situated in the Torrid Zone of the Americas, its coasts are bathed by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean (Sea of the Antilles) and the Pacific Ocean (Gulf of Fonseca). 102. The waters on the Caribbean coast right next to Honduras are home to the second-largest coral reef … Honduras History & Background. Upon taking office on January 27, 1998, Flores inaugurated programs of reform and modernization of the Honduran government and economy, with emphasis on helping Honduras' poorest citizens while maintaining the country's fiscal health and improving international competitiveness. Friction between Liberal and Conservative factions soon undermined the federation, however. Thus, the British came to control the Caribbean’s Mosquito coastal region. Most of the great Classic-era (250 – 900 AD) Maya cities of the Petén Basin region, in the northern lowlands, had been abandoned by the year 1000 AD. The country's modern history began with the Spanish conquest of Guatemala in 1524. This website was lots of history of Honduras i love this website. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. More than three-fourths of the 29,236-square mile country is mountainous. 1 - 15 of 15 results. Honduras joined the Federation of Central American States that included Guatemala, … On September 15, 1821, Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica and Nicaragua declared independence from Spain, and shortly thereafter joined the newly formed Mexican Empire. In 1997, its population was over 6 … After 1871 the ascendancy of Justo Rufino Barrios in Guatemala influenced a return to liberalism in Honduras, where Marco Aurelio Soto, a Liberal, assumed the presidency (1876). West of the pine savanna, in low valleys and on lower mountains, which are rainy all year, and on the low, rainy northern mountains are broad belts of dense evergreen … The native people were forced to work for the Spanish but their numbers fell drastically partly due to European diseases to which they had no resistance such as smallpox. (For regional treatment, see pre-Columbian civilizations: Mesoamerican civilization; Latin America, history of; and Central America.). When the Spanish arrived to colonize Honduras, the land was occupied by a variety of indigenous peoples, the most advanced of whom were the Maya. The prochurch Conservatives in Honduras took control under Francisco Ferrera, who became the first constitutional president on January 1, 1841. The area became known as Honduras from the Spanish word for depths. Honduras became independent from Spain in 1821 but in 1822 it was joined with Mexico and 4 other nations, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. Honduras is a Central American nation that shares borders with Guatemala, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. A 48.3 percent of people live in poverty in the country (2018, with updated official … The so-called Football War, or 100-Hour War, was fought between Honduras and El Salvador July 14-18, 1969 as a result of an intense soccer rivalry, though its root cause involved land and immigration. T-Swiz. From 250AD to 900AD was the peak of the Mayan civilization. In 1830 a Honduran Liberal, Francisco Morazán, became president of this federation, and for a decade he promoted Liberal policies that curtailed the traditional power and privileges of the clergy and increased agricultural exports. There were the most advanced and powerful of the indigenous peoples although their power had diminished by the time the Europeans arrived. In general, the Liberals favoured republicanism, freer trade, less government regulation, removal of the Catholic clergy’s political and economic powers, and imitation of foreign models of development. Contras (1981–90) Supported by: United States Israel Saudi Arabia Honduras Chile (since 1973) Brazil Paraguay Argentina (1961–83) Panama West Germany Pakistan Philippines Imperial State of Iran (until 1979) Islamic Republic of Iran (Indirectly, since 1979). Add to Wishlist. Conservative domination lasted until the 1870s, during which time the church regained its former position and the Honduran government signed a concordat (1861) with the Holy See in Rome. A chronology of key events: 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands in Honduras. Though Honduras was the poorest and least-populated of the countries, it produced some of the federation’s most important leaders. When the Spanish arrived to colonize Honduras, the land was occupied by a variety of indigenous peoples, the most advanced of whom were the Maya. Honduras, with its capital at Comayagua and agriculture the base of its economy, was a province of that kingdom (audiencia) within the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Chief among them was th… However, the first European to reach Honduras was Christopher Columbus on 30 July 1502. It has coasts on both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Contact with Europeans began soon after Christopher Columbus landed in 1502 and during the early 1520s the region was subjugated by a variety of conquistador expeditions, each of which laid claim to a part of it. Around 90 percent of the population is “Mestizo” (a mix of European and Latin American descent), and since it was a former Spanish colony, Roman Catholicism is still widely practiced. In 1838, Honduras left the federation and became independent. Gold stimulated Spanish conquest of the area early in the 16th century, and the Honduran gold-mining town of Gracias became the capital of Spanish Central America (the Audiencia de los Confines) in 1544. In eastern Honduras the coastal and lagoon swamps have mangrove and palm forests, and west of these are low, rainy, sandy plains with pine ( Pinus caribaea) savanna, extending inland for 40 miles (65 km) or more. Independence from Spain came in 1821 and from Mexico in 1823, when Honduras joined in the formation of the United Provinces of Central America. The Sambo-Miskito peoples along the coast were the indispensable allies of the British in this endeavour. Development of Spanish society in the Honduras area was hindered by coastal attacks from the pirates and buccaneers endemic to the Caribbean Sea and eventually by a concerted British effort to control the coastal areas of Central America. Artifacts found throughout the region show that humans were in it between 12,000 BC and 8,000 BC. After becoming part of Spain’s vast empire in the kingdom of Guatemala, Honduras had … Honduras - History. In the early 19th century, Honduras gained independence from Spain and briefly became part of Mexico before joining the newly-formed United Provinces of Central America. In rural areas, approximately one out of 5 Hondurans live in extreme poverty, or on less than US$1.90 per day. The Spanish conquest of Honduras began in 1523. Honduras, with four other Central American nations, declared its independence from Spain in 1821 to form a federation of Central American states. Honduras has a long history of military rule, corruption, poverty and crime which have rendered it one of the least developed and most unstable countries in … Honduras possesses multiple strengths with the potential for a faster growth and higher shared prosperity, with its strategic location, a growing industrial base, ongoing efforts to diversify its exports, and a young and growing population. The history of Guatemala begins with the Maya civilization (2,000 BC – 250 AD), which was among those that flourished in their country. It has had a violent, turbulent history. List View List. Nevertheless, Honduras remains a very poor country. General Oswaldo Lopez seized power in Honduras in 1963. source: U.S. State Department Background Notes 1999: Brief History For thousands of years indigenous peoples lived in Honduras. In 2020 the population of Honduras was 9.5million. The relationship didn’t last long, and in 1823, the same countries declared independence from Mexico and formed the Federal Republic of Central America. On 14 August 1502 Columbus landed on the mainland near modern Trujillo. Honduras became an independent country in 1838. In the first decade of the 20th century, Nicaraguan strongman José Santos Zelaya put Miguel Dávila into the Honduran presidency. However, the 5 central American nations broke away from Mexico in 1823. Brief History of Honduras: The land of Honduras was inhabited by Native American tribes. A Short History of Honduras You are here: Countries / Honduras The Mayan civilization is an important part of the multi-ethnic pre-history of Honduras until its decline in the 19th century. The largest and most developed of these were the Mayans. History of Honduras The Republic of Honduras spans a territory of 112,492 square kilometers and has a population of 5.1 million inhabitants. Columbus later sailed as far south as Panama. Honduras, like six out of the seven countries in Central America, is Latino. Honduras is a young, energetic country which traces its culture back to ancient beginnings. It also faces extreme poverty. Beginning in the early 1900s, the United States became heavily involved in Honduras, including by deploying US soldiers, as US companies invested heavily in the banana industry, transforming Honduras into a so-called “banana republic.” Political turmoil and severe economic struggles based in large part on the country’s reliance on exports fueled a military revolt in 1957, which … Dec 8, 2016 @ 11:11 am. Honduras was first sighted by Europeans when Christopher Columbus arrived at the Bay Islands on 30 July 1502 on his fourth voyage. History of Honduras . EPS; Supported by: Libya Soviet Union China Cuba Bulgaria Romania (until 1989) Czechoslovakia (until 1989) Gold stimulated Spanish conquest of the area early in the 16th century, and the Honduran gold-mining town of Gracias became the capital of Spanish Central America (the Audiencia de los Confines) in 1544. The Maya civilisation reached modern-day Honduras around AD 500, and dominated the region for the next 300 years, after which several different local ethnic groups took their place. Its people are Latino, for the most part, and so is the culture. The following history of Honduras focuses on events since European settlement. Columbus named the country Honduras ("depths") for the deep waters off its coast. 101. He made himself a virtual dictator and he held onto power till 1949. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. 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